type II error

n. ype II error is the likelihood of missing a trend that exists in the data. Sometimes referred to as “missing the signal,” type II errors are especially problematic when (a) the sample size is small and (b) the magnitude of the effect is small. Type II error is directly linked to statistical power, which is the likelihood of avoiding type II errors. The simplest way for a researcher to reduce the likelihood of type II errors (i.e., to increase statistical power) is to increase the sample size. Generally speaking, sample size is inversely related to type II error rates: the larger the sample size, the smaller the likelihood of type II errors. – MWP

▶ See also STATISTICAL POWER