ganglion cell

n. 1. Any neuron making up the retinal layer closest to the front of the eye, which receives inputs from bipolar and amacrine cells. There are several types of retinal ganglion cells. On or off ganglion cells respond oppositely to a spot of light and are inhibited by a ring of light around the spot in a particular area of the retina. There are also large ganglion cells, which form the front layer of ganglions and are simply additive in their reactions to inputs from all three types of cones, in contrast with small ganglion cells, which are differentially activated by different types of cones. 2. Any neuron whose cell body is located within a ganglion.