V

n. In ethology, the performance of a fixed action pattern in the absence of the stimulus or relea...

n. A muscular canal leading from the labial opening to the uterus in female mammals. The interior...

n. A sexual dysfunction in which the muscles of the vagina contract spasmodically before or durin...

n. Either of the pair of tracts of the 10th cranial nerve which receives sensory input from the l...

n. 1. In field theory, the positive or negative subjective value of a person, thing, or event in ...

n. 1. The act or process of verifying the truth of an idea, or the accuracy with which a measure ...

n. A statistical indicator of the extent to which a measure accurately reflects the target constr...

n. A numerical index of the degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure, as op...

n. Concurrent validity is the extent to which a measure or test score is correlated with another ...

n. Congruent validity is the relationship between a measure and a known valid and reliable measur...

n. Construct validity is the extent to which a measure assesses the relevant underlying theoretic...

n. Content validity is the extent to which test items match or align with the target topic, perfo...

n. Convergent validity, a type of construct validity, is the extent to which one measure of a con...

n. In testing, the degree to which a measure is correlated with other measures of the same variab...

n. Criterion validity examines the relationship between a target measure and known, accepted crit...

n. Discriminant validity, a type of construct validity, is the extent to which a measure can effe...

n. 1. The accuracy with which research findings correspond to the external world. Research is oft...

n. External validity examines the extent to which conclusions drawn from a single study or target...

n. In testing, face validity relates to the degree to which the test resembles the variable being...

n. Incremental validity is the extent to which a test adds to the predictive validity already pro...

n. Internal validity refers to the accuracy of causal research conclusions in which changes in ou...

n. Predictive validity is the extent to which a measure or test score can predict future performa...

n. 1. Any scale on a self-report inventory or other test designed to detect any form of invalid r...

n. 1. A trans-situational goal that serves as a guiding principle in the life of a person or grou...

n. In social psychology, strongly held attitudes are important to our self-concept, which we defe...

n. The moral, political, social, economic, aesthetic, and spiritual ethics of a person or group o...

n. The characteristic of undergoing change over time, across circumstances, or among members of a...

n. Any scale for observations that vary over time, over circumstance, or between subjects, which ...

▶ See DEPENDENT VARIABLE

▶ See INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

n. In conditioning, a scheme for rewarding an organism whenever a set but changing period of time...

▶ See VARIABLE INTERVAL REINFORCEMENT

n. 1. Any variable not measured or controlled in a research study that affects the outcome variab...

n. Any changeable quantity or condition which affects the relationship between any two or more ot...

n. A variable that influences the relationship between two other variables. For example, performa...

n. In conditioning. a scheme of reward in which a changing percentage of the occurrences of targe...

▶ See VARIABLE RATIO REINFORCEMENT

n. 1. In statistics, a measure of dispersion calculated by taking the mean of the squared differe...

n. In statistics, the portion of total variation in a data set that is not attributable to variat...

n. In statistics, a measure of dispersion calculated by taking the mean of the squared difference...

n. Any significant loss in cognitive function due to cerebrovascular disease; usually there are s...

n. A localized swelling caused by increased blood flow and blood pressure in a limited area. Exam...

n. A narrowing of the blood vessels usually resulting in lessened blood flow to a localized area,...

n. A widening of blood vessels resulting in increased blood flow to a localized area, which is us...

adj. Of or relating to the smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels which tighten to cause va...

n. A hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland which regulates water...

n. A cluster of nerve cells in the lower front part of the thalamus which receives inputs from th...

n. A cluster of nerve cells in the thalamus which receives inputs from the globus pallidus, the s...

n. A cluster of nerve cells on each side of the thalamus behind the ventral lateral nucleus, whic...

n. Either of the inner columns of the spinal cord which carry motor nerves from the central nervo...

n. A cavity in the body such as the lower, contracting chambers of the heart or the four large, i...

n. A behavior pattern caused by experimental damage to the ventromedial nucleus on both sides of ...

n. The lower middle part of the hypothalamus on each side of the brain, which controls feelings o...

n. Any action involving words including speaking, hearing, spoken language, reading, and writing....

n. The process of learning a particular language act described from a behavioristic point of view...

n. The ability to learn language including vocabulary and grammar and to use it effectively in co...

n. 1. Any acquisition of knowledge about language, its content, forms, and uses. This phrase is o...

n. The observation that describing a previously seen face or other complex stimulus impairs recog...

n. The recorded speech of a person describing his or her thoughts about what he/she is doing or t...

n. In statistics, a graphical representation of the successive steps of a cluster analysis in whi...

n. A word in common usage, which refers to a feeling of dizziness, light-headedness, and/or loss ...

n. The branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve carrying information used in the maintenance of bala...

n. The capacity to know one's body position and to maintain balance, which results from the movem...

n. A small bodily cavity at the entrance to a larger cavity, such as the vestibule of the inner e...

n. An abbreviation for variable interval, as in variable interval schedule of reinforcement.

n. The capacity to detect small back-and-forth movements which is accomplished by touch receptors...

n. Vicarious learning refers to the acquisition of attitudes, values, emotional proclivities, and...

n. A group of mathematicians, philosophers, and logicians working in and around the city of Vienn...

n. Any of three approaches to psychology originating in Vienna, including the first school, based...

n. The state of being alert and watchful of the environment or a particular part of the environme...

n. A test battery intended to assess an individual's social competence with measures of communica...

▶ See VINELAND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR SCALES

n. Alternative definitions exist for describing the essence of violence; definitions differ parti...

n. Any sensory nerve ending in the digestive system.

n. The range of electromagnetic radiation which the human eye is able to detect, ranging from abo...

n. 1. The capacity to detect light and perceive objects reflecting light. 2. A spiritual or relig...

n. The capacity to detect light and perceive objects reflecting light, but lacking the capacity t...

n. The capacity to perceive objects reflecting light using the difference in the images on the tw...

n. The capacity to detect the hue and saturation of light, especially in the perception of object...

n. The capacity to perceive objects reflecting light with a single eye and without using the diff...

n. The capacity to detect light and perceive objects in the area of the visual field more than ab...

n. Normal human vision in which the images from each eye are fused in the brain into a single ima...

n. Any coherent set of observations and hypotheses about the nature of the capacity to detect lig...

n. The process of tightening and relaxing the ciliary muscles, which changes the shape of the len...

n. The degree of clarity or sharpness with which an image can be created on the retina by light r...

n. The several processes of change in the functioning of the perception of light and objects refl...

n. Any perception of light or an object reflecting light that follows and is a result of a previo...

n. The size of a seen object measured by the number of degrees of the visual field through which ...

n. An incapacity to read in a person who has previously learned to read. This is usually caused b...

▶ See EXTRASTRIATE CORTEX

n. The dominance of the sense of sight over other senses so that plausible visual images are perc...

n. An experimental apparatus used to investigate depth perception in infants and small animals in...

n. Cortical area involved in visual information reception and processing. It includes the primary...

n. The difference in the images on the two retinas of a single object, which is used as a cue to ...

n. 1. The tendency of the image from one eye to be seen in preference to the image from the other...

n. The space which is seen at any one time. In most people the visual field extends about 180 deg...

n. 1. The point at which the center of the retina, the fovea, is pointed. 2. The act or process o...

n. The visual perception of an image or scene not present, caused by a mental or physical disorde...

n. Any of dozens of sorts of incorrect visual impressions which can be produced through many phys...

n. 1. An optically formed representation of an object or scene, such as the image projected by th...

n. The effect of one part of a visual scene or the visual field on other parts of it. As an examp...

n. The capacity to remember what has been seen in the form of virtual images in the mind.

n. A test in which subjects copy nine line drawings as accurately as possible onto a blank sheet ...

n. 1. The capacity to detect light and perceive objects reflecting light. 2. The processes whereb...

n. A chemical in the rod or cone of the eye which undergoes a change in state when struck by a ph...

n. A photoreactive chemicals found in retinal rods, which changes shape when struck by a photon o...

n. A cell that converts the energy of light into neural excitation. Thus the rods and cones in th...

n. 1. The process of detecting a particular object among other objects using the eyes. 2. An expe...

n. The process of facilitating or inhibiting a motor action by presenting a visual image immediat...

n. The idea that there is a life force which cannot be explained in terms of physical sciences su...

n. The idea that mental disorders and physical diseases are a result of the lack or oversupply of...

n. The thick, clear liquid filling most of the eyeball between the lens and the retina.

n. The vocal cords (also vocal folds) are two folds of flesh housed in the larynx and surrounding...

n. A pair of membranes vaguely resembling lips which stretch across the larynx whose opening is c...

n. All the structures involved in speaking or singing, including the laryngeal cavity, the vocal ...

n. Any test of ability, interest, or personality used to predict success in a particular occupati...

n. The process of assisting a person to find an appropriate job or career through testing, person...

n. Any general or specific curiosity, preference for, or concern with an area that is found to be...

n. A colloquial name for the larynx.

n. A graphic representation of the tones and cadences of human speech, which has been used in att...

n. The idea that no individual nerve in the auditory nerve tract responds to every sound stimulus...

n. The characteristic of color distributed throughout the volume of a transparent object, such as...

n. Thirst caused by a loss of extracellular liquid through bleeding or vomiting. Also called extr...

n. Any of the muscles of the body connected to the skeleton which can be controlled at will by th...

n. A narrow horizontal channel ending in a pouch on each side of the septum in each nostril conta...

n. A horse which was famous in the early 1900s for being able to give the correct answer to any q...

n. The observation that in remembering lists of items, the items that are most distinctive will b...

n. The death of a person after a curse by a voodoo priest or sorcerer. This has been observed pri...

n. The act of choosing by indicating one's preference for a person or course of action.

n. If a vote of preference is held with three choices, x, y, and z with three voters, suppose one...

n. Any of the letters a, e, i, o, u, or y or the sounds they represent, which are voiced by an un...

n. A disorder in which a person has a recurrent and intense desire to watch unsuspecting and nonc...

n. The external female genitals including the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule...

n. A set of 32 blocks of differing color, width, height, and shape used in a test of concept form...