hypothalamus

n. (HT) A diencephalic brain structure at the level of the third ventricle and underneath the thalamus. The neurosecretory portion of the hypothalamus is embryologically derived from the same blood-rich tissue as that of the soft upper palate of the mouth, which is located just beneath the HT. There are numerous neural nuclei and fiber tracts within the HT, to organize fight, flight, feeding, temperature, and sexuality, as well as the autonomic nervous system, in the role of the HT as a homeostatic regulator of somatic survival functions.

The HT is connected via a neuroendocrine stalk to the pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine system through both neural and hormonal secretary pathways. The HT is part of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HTPA), a pivotal feedback loop in the body's response to stress.

- VS